Window construction



Jan. 21, 1930. c. A. LEWIS 1,744,394

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 6, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l I 4/ I I 4 1% 4 I} h E *1 I A I; i a --30 i: l i l F I I I i '29 9. i E i Fm k v F I; 4 6/ Q f JNVENT0R. l6.

By K ATTORNEY.

Jan. 21, 1930.

C. A. LEWIS WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 6, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 -60 I5 64 I i? FIG. 6

6 Q. INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEY.

Jan. 21, 1930. c. A. LEWIS WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Oct. 6, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 FIG. I2

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Patented Jan. 21, 1930 UNITED STATES CLAUDE A. LEWIS, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS WINDOVI CONSTRUCTION Application filed October 6, 1928.

My invention relates to that type of window construction having slidable upper and lower sashes, but which, when provided with my improven'ient may also be pivoted inwardly for purposes of ventilation or for cleaning.

It is an object of my invention to apply my improvements to the usual and ordinary types of sash windows now in use by making alternations thereto requiring but a few moments.

It is another object to so construct the hard ware and latching devices that they may be y readily attached to the ordinary window after it has been altered by my improved construction.

A further object of my invention is to provide an arrangement of the sashes, stop mem- M bers and latches which will permit the placement of the sashes in various sliding and pivoting position to permit various degrees of ventilation and for cleaning.

A still further object is to provide a con- W struction wherein the inner stop and a portion of the center stop have been dispensed with and combined sliding and pivoting sash retaining means substituted therefor.

Heretofore with windows adapted to slide and also pivot it has been the custom to provide riders to slide in the frame and with the pivot on the rider. It is, therefore, one of the objects of my invention to so construct the window that the usual riders are dispensed with. and small novel sliding pivotal guides or riders are substituted therefor.

Other and further objects of my improved construction will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains when the following description is considered in connection with the drawing,

wherein Fig. 1 is an elevation of the inside of an ordinary sliding sash window to which my improved construction has been applied.

Fig. 2 is a central vertical section thru the window of Fig. 1 and shows the sashes 1n the closed position.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 and shows the pivotal sliding connection of the lower sash to the center stop.

Serial No. 310,739.

Fig. 4: is a section 011 the line 44 of Fig. 1 showing the alteration of the upper sash ancllthe arrangement of the pulleys and sash cor Fig. 5 is a perspective of the upper sash taken from the outside and showing the sash in a pivoted position before it has been lowere Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a lower corner of the upper sash showing it in the vertical position.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the lower sash and showing the meeting rail with combined latch and sliding guide as they appear from the outer side of the window.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view thru the meeting {aiF and shows the construction of the sash Fig. 9 is a view of the lower outside corner of the lower sash showing how the sash may be modified to receive the sliding pivotal guide.

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 illustrate diagrammatically the pivoting operations to place the sashes in a position for ventilation or for 78 cleaning.

Fig. 13 shows a position for a weather proof ventilation which aifords circulation of the air.

Fig. 14 is a top plan view taken on the line 1 l14 of Fig. 13 and shows the means of retaining the sash in partially open position.

With reference to Fig. 1 I have indicated the usual windowframe at 1 having an upper sash 2 and lower sash 3 which are mounted for vertical sliding movement as is the usual sash window of this type. Counterbalance sash weights are shown at l and are provided for each sash. The frame 1 supports the outer stop 5 which is usual and acts as a stop to prevent the upper sash from being removed or swinging outwardly and also serves to seal the openings around the sash. Disposed in the frame 1 is a center stop 6 which retains the sashes 2 and 3 in their proper relationship. The windows in general use today have an inside stop somewhat similar to the outer stop 5, but with my improved construction the use of the inner stop has been avoided.

It is my aim to arrange the lower sash 3 so that it may slide vertically, but may also pivot inwardly, as shown in Figs. 10 and 13. To the lower end of the stile I have attached a combined sliding and pivoting hinge or rider 10 which is best seen in Figs. 2 and 3, and comprises a U shaped guide 11 which seats about the center stop 6 and is adapted to slide thereon and a plate 13 to be fastened to the bottom rail of the lower sash by suitable brads or screws. The guide 11 and plate 13 are pivotally connected by a pin 12 which passes thru an upturned ear 14 on the plate 13. The stile 8 is cut away as at 15, Fig. 9, to allow for the rece tion of the guide 11, and is rounded or beve ed at 16 to permit the sash to pivot as in Fig. 10 without binding against the center stop. The front lower edge of the bottom sash may be rounded as at 50 to prevent binding, if desired.

The meeting rail 18 of the lower sash 3 is of usual construction and is best shown in Fig. 7, being provided with a groove 19 to receive the sash cord. In front of this groove and adjacent the edge I have placed a combined sash latch and guide or rider which comprises a plate 20 bent back upon itself as at 21 to receive the guide 22, which is formed with a tip having upturned edges and a finger tab 24. This guide 22 is retained on the plate 20 by means of a pin 25 or other suitable means such as bending the portion 21 downwardly on the back edge. However, the guide is adapted to slide from the position shown in Fig. 7 inwardly over the meeting rail until the tip 23 abuts the plate 20. The plate 20 has an upturned portion 29 for a purpose to be later described.

The latch and rider in co-operation with the guide and hinge 1O serve to retain the lower sash 3 in sliding vertical position or to permit pivoting, as desired, and at the same time permit the inner stop and the upper half of the center stop to be dispensed with. As described, the guide and hinge 1O rides on the center stop which extends upwardly to a point just below the meeting rail of the upper sash, see Fig. (5, but is of sufficient length that when the lower sash is raised, the guide 10 will not ride past the top. \Vhen the inner stop is dispensed with, as is my intention, the til 23 by pushing on the tab 24 is forced into the slot 28, see either Fig. 5 or 6, which has been vacated by the upper half of the center stop 6. hen the guide is in this extended position the sash 3 is positively retained in a vertical sliding position by the guide and hinge l0, and the latch and rider. \Vhen it is desired to pivot the sash 3 the tabs 24 on each side are snapped inwardly withdrawing the tips 23 from the slots 28 and permitting the sash to be pivoted inwardly on the pin 12, as seen in Figs. 10 to 13.

\Vhen the sash 3 is pivoted inwardly the sash cord must follow it but might tend to slide out of the groove 19. So to prevent this I have provided the lug 29 on the plate 20 and as the sash pivots the cord is retained by this lug 29. The guide 22 has a shoulder 30 which abuts against the lug 29 to limit its outward sliding movement.

The tip 23 may, if desired, be tapered toward the end so that by sliding it outward the maximum distance it will wedge in the slot 28 to some extent and thus prevent rattling of the sash. The upturned edges of this tip 23 prevent cutting into the slot 28 and allow it to slide easily. A thin piece of spring metal may also be placed under the plate 21 and above the guide 22 so that the guide will remain in any desired position and is not loose to rattle or easily slide out of place.

I will now describe the construction of the upper sash 2 by having particular reference to Fig. 5. The stile 35 is cut away as at 36 to allow the sash 2 to pivot without binding against the outer stop 5. The sash cord slot 37 is cut away as at 38 so that during pivoting movement the stile 35 will be free to pass the pulley 39. These cutting operations remove but a small amount of material and require but a few moments to perform. On the inner face of the sash 2 adjacent the top of the stile 35 I place a sliding pivot 40, best seen in Figs. 2 and 4, and which comprises a plate 41, pivot pin 42, and guide tip 43. This guide tip 43 is adapted to slide in the slot 28 previously described and in the same manner as the tip 23. Thus the upper sash 2 is retained at the top by the outer stop 5 and the guide tip 43. The lower end of the upper sash 2, when in the fully closed position, is free to pivot inwardly because as before stated the center stop member 6 terminates just below the meeting rail 45. Thus when the lower sash 3 is closed and latched by the tips 23 the meeting rail 18 abuts the meeting rail 45, as seen in Fig. 8, the upper sash being firmly held to prevent rattling and a tight weatherproof joint is provided. lVhen the lower sash 3 is pivoted inwardly and it is desired to retain the upper sash in a vertical position, it may be lowered very slightly until the stile 35 passes behind the top of the center stop 6, as seen in Fig. 6. hen in this position the top stops 4G and 47 are of sufficient width that the window is not open at the top before the stile passes behind the stop 6. From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the top sash may slide or pivot as desired and, at the same time, presents a weather proof outer surface. The usual weather strips may be placed on the outside of the sashes or stop members, if desired.

When the window is to be opened for ventilation or cleaning, the lower sash 3 is grasped at the top, the latch and guide members 22 are snapped inwardly to withdraw the tips 23 from the slots 28, and the sash is then pulled inwardly, as seen in F ig. 10. To pivot the upper sash 2 it is grasped by the meeting rail and pivoted inwardly and, at the same time, a downward pressure is exerted as indicated by the arrows of Fig. 11 until the sash assumes the position of Fig. 12. Fig. 6 shows a suitable clip 51 having a lip 52 as being attached to the under side of the meeting rail 4-5; thus when the sashes are pivoted as in Fig. 12 this lip rests upon the plate 21 to prevent the upper sash from swinging inwardly.

I have shown small guide pulleys such as mounted on the frame 1 so that the sash cord 30 is directed into the pulley 39. This pulley 55 also serves to limit the pivoting movement of the sash 2 until it has been lowered to some extent, otherwise the stile 35 might contact with the pulley 39 and either mar the sash or injure the pulley.

In Fig. 8 I have shown an improved lock to retain the sashes in closed vertical position and it comprises a piece of metal bent at right angles to form a base and handle 61 which may be curved as at 62. As seen from Fig. 1 this has considerable length and presents a pleasing appearance. The base 60 and con ter of the handle 61 are stamped or cut out at 63 to receive the lock member 64: which is adapted to slide therethru. The brads or screws which retain the base parts also retain a clamp 67 overlying both the lock member 64 and the base plate 60. The lock member is bent up at the inner end as at 66 to facilitate its movement and at the other end 68 to prevent its being displaced. When the lock member is as shown in Fig. 8 it prevents vertical movement of either sash but may easily and quickly be snapped to the unlocked position.

A handle 56 is shown on the lower sash as is usual in the vertical sliding window. The sash cord 30 of the lower sash should be of the same length as the frame in order that a full pivoting of the sash 3 may be permitted.

Figs. 13 and 14 show positions of partial ventilation which may be obtained by pivoting the lower sash inwardly and snapping out the guides 22 so that they abut the frame 1. The upper sash may or may not be lowered, but if a circulation is desired it may be ob tained as indicated by the arrows of Fig. 13.

In view of the foregoing description a further outline of the operation of my improved window is not believed necessary. I have disclosed herein an embodiment of my present improvements which I believe to be entirely satisfactory and practical for the purpose in view. Nevertheless it is to be understood that the several essential parts of the improved embodiment might be constructed in various other alternative forms, and it is accordingly to be understood that in the further development of the device that I reserve the privilege of resorting to all such legitimate changes therein as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A window construction comprising a frame, an outer stop member, a center stop slot, a. center stop disposed in the lower portion thereof, a pivoting sliding lower sash, means carried by said sash adapted to slidably engage said center stop and to permit pivoting of said sash, a combined guiding and latching means carried by said sash to compel vertical sliding movement while in one position, and to permit pivoting in another position, and a tip on the last said means to enter said center stop slot.

2. A window construction comprising a frame, a center stop slot, a center stop in the lower portion of said slot, a lower sash, and means carried by said sash to ride on said stop and in said slot whereby the said sash may slide vertically or pivot inwardly.

3. A window construction including a frame, an outer stop member a center stop slot, an upper sash adapted for sliding and pivoting movement in said frame. a sliding and pivoting guide carried by said sash and adapted to ride in said slot.

4. A window construction including a frame, an outer stop member, a cent-e? stop slot, an upper sash adapted for sliding and pivoting movement in said frame, a sliding and pivoting guide carried by said sash and adapted to ride in said slot, and a retaining clip on said sash.

5. A window construction including a frame, an outer stop member, a center stop slot, an upper sash adapted for sliding and pivoting movement in said frame, a sliding and pivoting guide carried by said sash ant adapted to ride in said slot, and a retaining clip on said sash and a sliding lock on the meeting rail of said sash.

6. A window construction comprising in combination a sliding pivotal lower sash, a sliding pivotal upper sash, a center stop slot, a center stop in the lower portion of said slot, guide means carried by each of said sashes and adapted to ride in said center slot, and a hinge member engaging said center stop and lower sash.

7. In a pivoting sliding window construction, a frame, a lower sash, an upper sash, means carried by each of said sashes and adapted for interengagement to retain them in pivoted position, additional means carried by said lower sash to retain both of said sashes in a vertical sliding position, and a center stop slot in said frame in which said additional means is adapted for sliding movement.

8. In combination with a standard window frame, a center stop slot, a lower sash,

a combined latch and rider carried by said and a center stop upon which said hinge is sash and including a reversely bent plate, a slidable guide carried by said plate, a tip and a tab on said guide, said tip adapted to ride in said slot.

9. In combination with a window frame, a center stop slot, a lower sash, a combined latch and rider carried by said sash and including a reversely bent plate, a slidable guide carried by said plate, a tip and a tab on said guide, said tip adapted to ride in said slot, a sash cord, and a lug on said plate to limit movement of said guide and to retain said sash cord when the sash assumes a pivoted position.

10. In a window construction, sliding and pivoting upper and lower sashes, means on one of said sashes to prevent pivoting of both of said sashes, means on said frame to prevent pivoting of one of said sashes except in the closed position.

11. In a window construction, sliding and pivoting upper and lower sashes, means on one of said sashes to prevent pivoting of both of said sashes, means on said frame to prevent pivoting of one of said sashes except in the closed position and additional means to prevent sliding movement of either of said sashes.

12. A window construction including upper and lower sashes of the same width, means to permit inward pivoting of either of said sashes, a single means to prevent pivoting but permit vertical sliding of either of said sashes, and means to prevent sliding but permit pivoting of either of said sashes.

13. A riderless window construction including upper and lower sashes of the same width, means to permit inward pivoting of either of said sashes, a single means to prevent pivoting but permit vertical sliding of either of said sashes, and means to prevent sliding but permit pivoting of either of said sashes.

14. In a device of the character described, a pivoting lower sash, a sash cord therefor, a pulley for said sash cord, and an auxiliary pulley disposed on the window frame and adapted to guide the sash cord into the first said pulley during pivoting movement of said sash, and latch and rider on said sash and a lug on said latch and rider to retain said sash cord-in an operative position.

15. In a device of the character described, a frame, a center stop slot, an upper sash, and means carried by said sash comprising a guide and a pivot, said guide adapted to ride in said slot and being flush with surface of sad frame, whereby the said sash may pivot inwardly.

16. A window construction including a lower sash, a pivotal sliding hinge attached to the lower end of said sash and including a channel-shaped guide, a guiding latch member carried by the upper end of said sash,

adapted to slide.

In testimony whereof I hereunto ailix my signature this 2nd day of October, A. D. 1928.

CLAUDE A. LEVIS. 

